Concrete Slabs Types
In this civil engineering article, detail information is given on different types of concrete floor slabs which are frequently utilized in standard construction practices.
A flat slab
Flat slab means a one-way or a two-way slab containing a solid slab at the column. This hardening is known as the drop panel. These drop panels function as T-beams which can strengthen the slab. The drop panels raise the shear strength and put more rigidity on the floor to make it stronger for resisting the vertical loads properly.
The flat slab requires a span length of 6 to 12 meters for multi-span, reinforced or pre-stressed concrete slab.
A flat plate slab
It also belongs to one or two-way concrete slab system that is supported directly on the load bearing columns or walls. These are very suitable for developing buildings. The flat plate floor slab contains unvarying thickness with a plain soffit that requires a basic framework.
Beam and slab
This is mostly recognized system that is utilized in developing of medium level buildings. It comprises of frames of beam and column with a span of supporting slab. The depth of the beam offers a rigid floor and can retain long spans at ease. It has also the capability to withstand the lateral loads.
Also read : THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS FOR SLAB AND BEAM
Ribbed floor or waffle floor
This is the most significant part of in situ concrete flooring. Here, the ribs are arranged uniformly and supported by the column. The one-way slab is known as the ‘ribbed slab’, and the two-way slab is known as the ‘waffle slab’. This style of flooring is not recommended due to its very expensive costs and an inferior fire rating. Ribbed slab can sustain greater loads and contains big span to support. It offers the required firmness to the slab and appropriate when the soffit requires to be exposed.
The ribbed slab is ideal for high design consideration & requires a span length of 6-9 meters for construction.
Band beams and slab
When there are parallel line, shallow beams which are expansive, and the floor slab extents over these beams transversely, it is known as band beam and slab system. It is a continuous slab, and the beams bear all the load of the slab. Band beams are also described as slab bands which are condensed as two-way slabs. They are considered as slabs and not as beams except for the consideration of shear resistance.
Band beam and slab are built up with a single span of 6 to 14 meters.
Slab and joist
Under this system, the slabs extent among beams and considered as one directional intermediate joist. The thickness is based on the requirement of fire resistance.
This method is extensively applied for concrete floor construction.
